This document presents the summary and recommendations of the group of experts compiled by Inserm as part of a collective expertise procedure in order to respond to questions raised by the Caisse nationale d’assurance maladie des travailleurs indépendants (Canam, French National Sickness and Maternity Insurance for Self-Employed Persons in Non-Agricultural Professions) on the detection and prevention of mental disorders in children and adolescents. The Centre d’expertise collective de l’Inserm (Inserm Collective Expertise Centre) has co-ordinated this collective expertise strategy with the Département animation et partenariat scientifique (Daps, Leadership and Scientific Partnership Department) for the preparation of this dossier in conjunction with the Service de documentation du Département de l’information scientifique et de la communication (Disc, Documentation Service of the Scientific Information and Communication Department) for the bibliographical research.